HRP-Linked Polyclonal Antibody to Paraoxonase 1 (PON1)

The enzyme encoded by this gene is an arylesterase that mainly hydrolyzes paroxon to produce p-nitrophenol. Paroxon is an organophosphorus anticholinesterase compound that is produced in vivo by oxidation of the insecticide parathion. Polymorphisms in this gene are a risk factor in coronary artery disease. The gene is found in a cluster of three related paraoxonase genes at 7q21.3. [provided by RefSeq, Oct 2008]

PON1: Hydrolyzes the toxic metabolites of a variety of organophosphorus insecticides. Capable of hydrolyzing a broad spectrum of organophosphate substrates and lactones, and a number of aromatic carboxylic acid esters. Mediates an enzymatic protection of low density lipoproteins against oxidative modification and the consequent series of events leading to atheroma formation. Genetic variation in PON1 is associated with susceptibility to microvascular complications of diabetes type 5 (MVCD5). These are pathological conditions that develop in numerous tissues and organs as a consequence of diabetes mellitus. They include diabetic retinopathy, diabetic nephropathy leading to end-stage renal disease, and diabetic neuropathy. Diabetic retinopathy remains the major cause of new- onset blindness among diabetic adults. It is characterized by vascular permeability and increased tissue ischemia and angiogenesis. Homozygosity for the Leu-54 allele is strongly associated with the development of retinal disease in diabetic patients. Belongs to the paraoxonase family.

Protein type: EC 3.1.1.2; EC 3.1.1.81; EC 3.1.8.1; Hydrolase; Lipid-binding; Motility/polarity/chemotaxis; Phosphatase (non-protein); Secreted; Secreted, signal peptide

Chromosomal Location of Human Ortholog: 7q21.3

Cellular Component: extracellular space

Molecular Function: aryldialkylphosphatase activity; arylesterase activity; calcium ion binding; phospholipid binding; protein homodimerization activity

Biological Process: aromatic compound catabolic process; carboxylic acid catabolic process; organophosphate catabolic process; phosphatidylcholine metabolic process; positive regulation of binding; positive regulation of transporter activity; response to toxin

Disease: Microvascular Complications Of Diabetes, Susceptibility To, 5