Rabbit Monoclonal Anti-Phospho-RelB (Ser552) [Clone RelBS552-A7]

RelB contains the Rel homology Domain (RHD) shared by all members of the NF-kB family (1). It is best known for its roles in lymphoid development, DC biology, and noncanonical signaling (2). RelB is a major contributor to chromatin biology, frequently functioning as a dual transcription factor that silences sets of genes by generating silent facultative heterochromatin and activates euchromatin of others (3). RelB is required to repress immediate-response proinflammatory genes during endotoxin tolerance (4). The N-terminal leucine zipper motif of RelB, a motif unique among the NF-κB family, may associate with more diverse DNA sequences than other NF-κB members (5). RelB binds to DNA but only after forming a heterodimer with NF-kB p50 or p52 (6).
Like all NF-kB members, RelB contains an ∼300-residue region known as the RHD. This region supports many of the NF-kB essential functions, such as DNA binding, dimerization, and nuclear localization (7). RelB, unlike other NF-kB members, has an N-terminal leucine zipper motif (1), a domain that can typically interact with many proteins (8). p100, the C-terminus of NF-kB2 acts as a RelB inhibitor (9), where it sequesters RelB in the cytosol to repress its activity. RelB is phosphorylated rapidly at threonine 84 and serine 552, causing cleavage at the N-terminus and its degradation by the proteasome (10). These phosphorylations are mediated by glycogen synthase kinase-3β, specific inhibition of which blocks phospho RelB phosphorylation and degradation (11). This degradation does not occur when phospho RelB is phosphorylated at serine 368, allowing its association with and stabilization by p100 (12).