D-Xylose

Xylose (Xyl) is an aldopentose also known as wood sugar (Collins, 2006). The main sources of xylose are hemicelluloses found in hardwood and perennial plants, such as, grasses, cereals, and herbs (Petzold-Welcke, 2014) and some algae. Xylose is used in the production of xylitol, a low calory sugar substitute. Xylose is used in glycosaminoglycan (GAG) biosynthesis, which is initiated by peptide O-xylosyltransferases, which transfer xylose onto selected serine residues in the core proteins. The first enzyme in the pathway, peptide O-xylosyltransferase, catalyzes the transfer of xylose from uridine diphosphate (UDP)-α-D-xylose onto serine and thus determines the site(s) of GAG attachment on the core protein (Briggs, 2018).

Synonyms:
(2S,3R,4S,5R)-oxane-2,3,4,5-tetrol; (2R,3S,4R)-2,3,4,5-tetrahydroxypentanal; Dextro-xylose; Wood sugar; D-Xylopyranose; (+)-d-Xylopyranose, Xylose, D- (8CI), (+)-Xylose, D-(+)-Xylose

CAS No:
58-86-6

Molecular Formula:
C5H10O5

Molecular Weight:
150.13

Appearance:
White crystalline powder

Purity:
≥99%

Melting Point:
147-158°C (Lit.)

Optical Rotation:
pmD20 = 18.5 to 19.5 º (Lit.)

pH:
4-7

Storage and Stability:
May be stored at 4°C