Purified Rabbit Anti-mouse BLC

TP-241

Protein A purified rabbit immunoglobulins, 0.2 mg

For research use only. This polyclonal antibody, which reacts with mouse BLC, was generated using E. coli-expressed mouse BLC as an immunogen. The tested titer for Western blot is 1:5,000. Cross-reactivity to BLC of other species has not been determined.

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BLC (B-lymphocyte chemoattractant, murine equivalent of human B cell-attracting chemokine-1, BCA-1) is a 12 kDa, recently characterized ELR-CXC chemokine. BLC showed high levels of expression in spleen, Peyer's patches, and mesenteric lymph nodes. It is reported as the ligand of CXCR5. It attracts primarily B cells in vitro. Cell lines transfected with CXCR5 demonstrate both chemotaxis and calcium flux in response to BLC.

1. Gunn, M., et al. (1998) A B-cell-homing chemokine made in lymphoid follicles activates Burkitt's lymphoma receptor-1. Nature 391:799-803

2. Legler, D., et al. (1998) B cell attracting chemokine 1, a human CXC chemokine expressed in lymphoid tissues, selectively attracts B lymphocytes via BLR1/CXCR5. J Exp Med. 187(4):655-660

Purified Rabbit Anti-human Eotaxin

TP-214

Purified rabbit immunoglobulins, 0.5 mg

For research use only. This polyclonal antibody, which reacts with recombinant and natural human eotaxin, was generated using E. coli-expressed amino acid 1-74 of mature human eotaxin as an immunogen. The tested titer for Western blot is 1:5,000. There is no cross-reactivity to mouse eotaxin; cross reactivity to eotaxin of other species has not been determined.

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Eotaxin is a 74-amino acid, eosinophil-chemotactic CC chemokine originally found in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid from allergic inflammatory subjects. The chemokine is involved in regulating the recruitment and activation of inflammatory leukocytes, particularly eosinophils. Eotaxin binds and activates the CCR3 chemokine receptor, and may play a fundamental role in the development of allergic responses.

1. Jose, P.J. et al. (1994) Eotaxin: a potent eosinophil chemoattractant cytokine detected in a guinea pig model of allergic airways inflammation. J Exp Med 179: 881-887

2. Kitaura, M. et al. (1996) Molecular cloning of human eotaxin, an eosinophil-selective CC chemokine, and identification of a specific eosinophil eotaxin receptor, CC chemokine receptor 3. J Biol Chem 271:7725-7730

3. Garcia-Zepeda, E.A. et al. (1996) Human eotaxin is a specific chemoattractant for eosinophil cells and provides a new mechanism to explain tissue eosinophilia. Nat Med 2:449-456

Purified Rabbit Anti-mouse Eotaxin

TP-215

Purified rabbit immunoglobulins, 0.5 mg

For research use only. This polyclonal antibody, which reacts with recombinant and natural mouse eotaxin, was generated using E. coli-expressed amino acid 1-74 of mature mouse eotaxin as an immunogen. The tested titer for Western blot is 1:2,000. Cross-reactivity to eotaxin of other species has not been determined.

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Eotaxin is a 74-amino acid eosinophil-chemotactic CC chemokine originally found in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid from allergic inflammatory subjects. It is involved in regulating the recruitment and activation of inflammatory leukocytes, particularly eosinophils. It may play a fundamental role in the development of allergic responses.

1. Jose, P.J. et al. (1994) Eotaxin: a potent eosinophil chemoattractant cytokine detected in a guinea pig model of allergic airways inflammation. J Exp Med 179: 881-887

2. Kitaura, M. et al. (1996) Molecular cloning of human eotaxin, an eosinophil-selective CC chemokine, and identification of a specific eosinophil eotaxin receptor, CC chemokine receptor 3. J Biol Chem 271:7725-7730

3. Garcia-Zepeda, E.A. et al. (1996) Human eotaxin is a specific chemoattractant for eosinophil cells and provides a new mechanism to explain tissue eosinophilia. Nat Med 2:449-456

4. Ganzalo, J.S. et al. (1996) Mouse eotaxin expression parallels eosinophil accumulation during lung allergic inflammation but it is not restricted to a Th2-type response. Immunity 4:1-14

Purified Rabbit Anti-human Fractalkine

TP-213

Purified rabbit immunoglobulins, 0.5 mg

For research use only. This neutralizing polyclonal antibody, which reacts with recombinant and natural fractalkine of mouse, rat, and human, was generated using E. coli-expressed chemotactic domain of human fractalkine as an immunogen. To achieve best results, titrate antibody by dilution for each application as follows: Western blot (1:1,000-1:5,000); Immunoprecipitation (1:300-1:800); Immunohistochemistry (1:100-1:500). Cross-reactivity to fractalkine of other species has not been determined.

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Fractalkine, also known as neurotactin, is a membrane-bound CX3C chemokine. The mature protein is part of a 397-amino acid precursor and consists of a chemokine domain of 76 amino acids, a mucin stalk of 241 amino acids, a putative transmembrane domain of 18 amino acids, and an intracellular tail of 37 amino acids. Within the chemokine domain the first two cysteine residues are separated by 3 amino acids (CX3C). Fractalkine message is found in high abundance in the brain, kidney, lung and heart tissues. Fractalkine is chemotactic for monocytes and other leukocytes including NK cells and may play a role in brain inflammation.

1. Bazan, J.F. et al. (1997) A new class of membrane-bound chemokine with a CX3C motif. Nature 385:640-644

2. Pan, Y. et al. (1997) Neurotactin, a membrane-anchored chemokine upregulated in brain inflammation. Nature 387:611-617

3. Imai, T. et al. (1997) Identification and molecular characterization of fractalkine receptor CX3CR1, which mediates both leukocyte migration and adhesion. Cell 91:521-530

Purified Rabbit Anti-human Fractalkine(Intracellular domain)

TP-237

Protein A purified rabbit immunoglobulins, 0.2 mg

For research use only.This polyclonal antibody, which reacts with recombinant and natural human fractalkine, was generated using E. coli-expressed intracellular domain (aa 379-397) of human fractalkine as an immunogen. This antibody has been tested on Western blot at the dilution of 1:2,000. Cross-reactivity to fractalkine of other species has not been determined.

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Fractalkine, also known as neurotactin, is a membrane-bound CX3C chemokine. The mature protein is part of a 397-amino acid precursor and consists of a chemokine domain of 76 amino acids, a mucin stalk of 241 amino acids, a putative transmembrane domain of 18 amino acids, and an intracellular tail of 37 amino acids. Within the chemokine domain the first two cysteine residues are separated by 3 amino acids (CX3C). Fractalkine message is found in high abundance in the brain, kidney, lung and heart tissues. Fractalkine is chemotactic for monocytes and other leukocytes including NK cells, lymphocytes, and may play a role in brain inflammation.

1. Bazan, J.F. et al. (1997) A new class of membrane-bound chemokine with a CX3C motif. Nature 385:640-644

2. Pan, Y. et al. (1997) Neurotactin, a membrane-anchored chemokine upregulated in brain inflammation. Nature 387:611-617

3. Imai, T. et al. (1997) Identification and molecular characterization of fractalkine receptor CX3CR1, which mediates both leukocyte migration and adhesion. Cell 91:521-530

Purified Rabbit Anti-rat Fractalkine

TP-203

Purified rabbit immunoglobulins, 0.5 mg

For research use only. This neutralizing polyclonal antibody, which reacts with recombinant and natural rat fractalkine, was generated using E. coli-expressed chemotactic domain of rat fractalkine as an immunogen. To achieve best results, titrate antibody by dilution for each application: Western blot (1:1,000-1:2,000); Immunoprecipitation (1:300-1:800); Immunohistochemistry (1:100-1:500). Less than 20 % cross-reactivity to human Fractalkine. Cross-reactivity to fractalkine of other species has not been determined.

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Fractalkine, also termed neurotactin, is a membrane-bound CX3C chemokine. The mature protein is part of a 397-amino acid precursor consisting of a chemokine domain (76 amino acids), a mucin stalk of 241 residues, a putative transmembrane domain (18 amino acids), and an intracellular tail of 37 amino acids. Within the chemokine domain the first two cysteine residues are separated by 3 amino acids. Fractalkine message is found at high concentrations in the brain, and also in kidney, lung and heart. Fractalkine is chemotactic for monocytes and may play a role in brain inflammation.

1. Bazan, J.F. et al. (1997) A new class of membrane-bound chemokine with a CX3C motif. Nature 385:640-644

2. Pan, Y. et al. (1997) Neurotactin, a membrane-anchored chemokine upregulated in brain inflammation. Nature 387:611-617

3. Harrison, J.K., et al. (1998) Role for neuronally derived fractalkine in mediating interactions between neurons and CX3CR1-expressing microglia. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 95(18):10896-10901

Purified Rabbit Anti-mouse Fractalkine

TP-233

Purified rabbit immunoglobulins, 0.5 mg

For research use only. This neutralizing polyclonal antibody, which reacts with recombinant and natural mouse fractalkine, was generated using E. coli-expressed chemotactic domain of mouse fractalkine as an immunogen. To achieve best results, titrate antibody by dilution for each application: Western blot (1:1,000-1:2,000); Immunoprecipitation (1:300-1:800); Immunohistochemistry (1:100-1:500). Less than 30 % cross-reactivity to human and rat Fractalkine. Cross-reactivity to fractalkine of other species has not been determined.

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Fractalkine, also termed neurotactin, is a membrane-bound CX3C chemokine. The mature protein is part of a 397-amino acid precursor consisting of a chemokine domain (76 amino acids), a mucin stalk of 241 residues, a putative transmembrane domain (18 amino acids), and an intracellular tail of 37 amino acids. Within the chemokine domain the first two cysteine residues are separated by 3 amino acids. Fractalkine message is found at high concentrations in the brain, and also in kidney, lung and heart. Fractalkine is chemotactic for monocytes and may play a role in brain inflammation.

1. Bazan, J.F. et al. (1997) A new class of membrane-bound chemokine with a CX3C motif. Nature 385:640-644

2. Pan, Y. et al. (1997) Neurotactin, a membrane-anchored chemokine upregulated in brain inflammation. Nature 387:611-617

3. Harrison, J.K., et al. (1998) Role for neuronally derived fractalkine in mediating interactions between neurons and CX3CR1-expressing microglia. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 95(18):10896-10901

Purified Rabbit Anti-rat IP-10

TP-240

Protein A purified rabbit IgG, 0.2 mg

For research use only. This polyclonal antibody, which reacts with rat IP-10, was generated using E. coli-expressed rat IP-10 as an immunogen. The tested titer for Western blot is 1:5,000. Cross-reactivity to IP-10 of other species has not been determined.

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IP-10 (interferon-gamma induced protein 10 kD; in mouse, also called cytokine responsive gene 2, Crg-2, or mob-1) is a highly inducible, primary response gene that belongs to the CXC chemokine superfamily. It was first cloned in 19851. The biological functions of IP-10 are still unclear. Like Mig, IP-10 has no activity on neutrophils. Its functions include stimulation of monocytes, natural killer and T-cell migration, regulation of T-cell and bone marrow progenitor maturation, modulation of adhesion molecule expression as well as inhibition of angiogenesis. Mig and IP-10 share the same receptor, CXCR32,3.

1. Luster, A.D., et al. (1985) Gamma-interferon transcriptionally regulates an early-response gene containing homology to platelet proteins. Nature 315(6021):672-676

2. Neville, L.F., et al. (1997) The immunobiology of interferon-gamma inducible protein 10 kD (IP-10): a novel, pleiotropic member of the C-X-C chemokine superfamily. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev 8(3):207-219

3. Farber, J.M. (1997) Mig and IP-10: CXC chemokines that target lymphocytes. J Leukoc Biol. 61:246-257

Purified Rabbit Anti-rat KC

TP-212

Purified rabbit immunoglobulins, 0.5 mg

For research use only. This neutralizing polyclonal antibody, which reacts with recombinant and natural rat and mouse KC/CINC, was generated using E. coli-expressed amino acid 1-72 of rat KC as an immunogen. To achieve best results, titrate antibody by dilution for each application: Western blot (1:1,000-1:2,000); Immunoprecipitation (1:300-1:800); Immunohistochemistry (1:100-1:500). Cross reactivity to fractalkine of other species has not been determined.

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KC, a homolog of human and hamster gro/MGSA, is a 72-amino acid CXC chemokine originally cloned from rat macrophages and lung tissue. It is the mediator for recruitment and activation of neutrophils in rat lung inflammation models. Expression of KC can be upregulated by LPS and IL-1b stimulation. IFN-gamma blocks LPS-induced expression of KC.

1. Huang, S. et al. (1992) Rat KC cDNA cloning and mRNA expression in lung macrophages and fibroblasts. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 184:922-929

2. Frevert, C.W. et al. (1995) Functional characterization of the rat chemokine KC and its importance in neutrophil recruitment in a rat model of pulmonary inflammation.

J Immunol 154:335-344.

3. Ohmori, Y and Hamilton T.A. (1994) IFN-gamma selectively inhibits lipopolysaccha-ride-inducible JE/monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 and KC/GRO/melanoma growth-stimulating activity gene expression in mouse peritoneal macrophages. J Immunol 153:2204-2212

Purified Rabbit Anti-rat LARC

TP-210

Purified rabbit immunoglobulins, 0.5 mg

For research use only. This polyclonal antibody, which reacts with rat LARC, was generated using E. coli-expressed amino acid 1-70 of mature rat LARC as an immunogen. The tested titer for Western blot is 1:2,000; a 1:500 dilution was used for immunoprecipitation. Cross-reactivity to LARC of other species has not been determined.

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LARC (liver and activation-regulated chemokine, MIP-3a, Exodus-1) is a 70-amino acid CC chemokine originally identified from human histiocytic lymphoma cell line U937 and by sequence search of the EST database. This chemokine was mainly expressed in the liver and lung among various human tissues, and was also induced in several human cell lines. LARC is chemotactic for lymphocytes, weakly for neutrophils at high concentration, but not for monocytes. The LARC specific receptor has been identified as CCR6.

1. Hieshima, K. et al. (1997) Molecular cloning of a novel human CC chemokine liver and activation-regulated chemokine (LARC) expressed in liver. J. Biol. Chem. 272:5846-5853

2. Power, C.A. et al. (1997) Cloning and characterization of a specific receptor for the novel CC chemokine MIP-3alpha from lung decdritic cells. J. Exp. Med. 186:825-835

3. Rossi, D.L. (1997) Identification through bioinformatics of two new macrophage proinflammatory human chemokines: MIP-3alpha and MIP-3beta. J. Immunol. 158: 1033-1036

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