CDK2 (Cyclin-dependent Kinase 2) (PE)

The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the Ser/Thr protein kinase family. This protein kinase is highly similar to the gene products of S. cerevisiae cdc28, and S. pombe cdc2. It is a catalytic subunit of the cyclin-dependent protein kinase complex, whose activity is restricted to the G1-S phase, and essential for cell cycle G1/S phase transition. This protein associates with and regulated by the regulatory subunits of the complex including cyclin A or E, CDK inhibitor p21Cip1 (CDKN1A) and p27Kip1 (CDKN1B). Its activity is also regulated by its protein phosphorylation. Two alternatively spliced variants and multiple transcription initiation sites of this gene have been reported. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

CDK2: a protein kinase of the CDK family. An important component of the cell cycle machinery. Activity of CDK2 is maximal during S phase and G2. Cdk2/cyclin E kinase activity is important for the G1 to S transition and phosphorylates the Rb protein. In S-phase, active cdk2/cyclin A complexes predominate and phosphorylate E2F, and the active cdk2 complex persists in the nucleus through G2. Part of the Rb pathway disregulated in most tumors. Target of several candidate cancer drugs. However, inhibition does not always prevent cancer cell growth, possibly due to CDK redundancy. Inhibitors: BMS-265246, BMS-265246-01, R-roscovitine (CYC200, CYC202), SU9516, R547, L868276

Protein type: Protein kinase, CMGC; EC 2.7.11.22; Protein kinase, Ser/Thr (non-receptor); Cell cycle regulation; Kinase, protein; CMGC group; CDK family; CDK1 subfamily; CDK/CDK1 subfamily

Chromosomal Location of Human Ortholog: 12q13

Cellular Component: nucleoplasm; Y chromosome; Cajal body; centrosome; chromosome, telomeric region; transcription factor complex; X chromosome; cytoplasm; cyclin-dependent protein kinase holoenzyme complex; condensed chromosome; nucleus; cytosol; endosome

Molecular Function: cyclin binding; protein binding; cyclin-dependent protein kinase activity; metal ion binding; histone kinase activity; ATP binding

Biological Process: G1 DNA damage checkpoint; mitosis; meiosis; histone phosphorylation; positive regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent; DNA repair; DNA damage response, signal transduction by p53 class mediator resulting in cell cycle arrest; peptidyl-serine phosphorylation; regulation of ubiquitin-protein ligase activity during mitotic cell cycle; cell division; anaphase-promoting complex-dependent proteasomal ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process; Ras protein signal transduction; positive regulation of cell proliferation; mitotic cell cycle; blood coagulation; DNA replication; G2/M transition of mitotic cell cycle; centrosome duplication; potassium ion transport; positive regulation of DNA replication initiation; G1/S transition of mitotic cell cycle