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Reagents and instruments for immunology, cell biology and molecular biology.

Luteolin [491-70-3]

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Cat# HY-N0162-10mg

Size : 10mg

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Description

Luteolin (Luteoline), a flavanoid compound, is a potent Nrf2 inhibitor. Luteolin has anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer properties, including the induction of apoptosis and cell cycle arrest, and the inhibition of metastasis and angiogenesis, in several cancer cell lines, including human non-small lung cancer cells^[1]^[2]^[3].

Cellular Effect

Cell Line	Type	Value	Description	References
A549	IC₅₀	10.23 μg/mL Compound: Luteolin	Cytotoxicity against human A549 cells by MTT assay Cytotoxicity against human A549 cells by MTT assay	[PMID: 21106454]
A549	IC₅₀	12.9 mg/mL Compound: 17	Cytotoxicity against human A549 cells after 3 days by SRB assay Cytotoxicity against human A549 cells after 3 days by SRB assay	[PMID: 15568778]
B16-4A5	IC₅₀	>100 μM Compound: 15	Toxicity in mouse B16-4A5 cells assessed as inhibition of cell proliferation in presence of 1 mM theophylline after 72 hrs by WST8 dye reduction assay Toxicity in mouse B16-4A5 cells assessed as inhibition of cell proliferation in presence of 1 mM theophylline after 72 hrs by WST8 dye reduction assay	[PMID: 20189399]
B16-4A5	IC₅₀	14 μM Compound: 15	Inhibition of theophylline-stimulated melanogenesis in mouse B16-4A5 cells after 72 hrs Inhibition of theophylline-stimulated melanogenesis in mouse B16-4A5 cells after 72 hrs	[PMID: 20189399]
B16-4A5	IC₅₀	14 μM Compound: 2	Inhibition of melanogenesis in theophylline-stimulated mouse B16-4A5 cells after 72 hrs by microplate reader analysis Inhibition of melanogenesis in theophylline-stimulated mouse B16-4A5 cells after 72 hrs by microplate reader analysis	[PMID: 25987378]
BXPC-3	GI₅₀	>10 μg/mL Compound: 4	Cytotoxicity against human BxPC3 cells after 48 hrs by SRB assay Cytotoxicity against human BxPC3 cells after 48 hrs by SRB assay	[PMID: 12608861]
C8166	CC₅₀	17.9 μg/mL Compound: 3	Cytotoxicity against human C8166 cells assessed as inhibition of cell proliferation after 72 hrs by MTT assay Cytotoxicity against human C8166 cells assessed as inhibition of cell proliferation after 72 hrs by MTT assay	[PMID: 24794743]
C8166	EC₅₀	2.48 μg/mL Compound: 3	Antiviral activity against HIV-1 3B infected in human C8166 cells assessed as inhibition of virus-induced cytopathogenicity by measuring syncytial cell number after 3 days by inverted microscopic analysis Antiviral activity against HIV-1 3B infected in human C8166 cells assessed as inhibition of virus-induced cytopathogenicity by measuring syncytial cell number after 3 days by inverted microscopic analysis	[PMID: 24794743]
Ca9-22	IC₅₀	8.55 μg/mL Compound: Luteolin	Cytotoxicity against human Ca9-22 cells by MTT assay Cytotoxicity against human Ca9-22 cells by MTT assay	[PMID: 21106454]
CCRF-CEM	IC₅₀	>10 μg/mL Compound: 9	Cytotoxicity against human CEM cells after 3 days by MTT assay Cytotoxicity against human CEM cells after 3 days by MTT assay	[PMID: 11421746]
CHO	EC₅₀	1.45 μM Compound: 8	Agonist activity at rat DAT expressed in CHO cells Agonist activity at rat DAT expressed in CHO cells	[PMID: 20971650]
DU-145	GI₅₀	4.4 μg/mL Compound: 4	Cytotoxicity against human DU145 cells after 48 hrs by SRB assay Cytotoxicity against human DU145 cells after 48 hrs by SRB assay	[PMID: 12608861]
Erythrocyte	EC₅₀	107.28 μg/mL Compound: Luteolin	Hemolysis of human erythrocytes after 30 mins by spectrophotometry Hemolysis of human erythrocytes after 30 mins by spectrophotometry	[PMID: 23811092]
Erythrocyte	EC₅₀	122 μg/mL Compound: Luteolin	Antioxidant activity in erythrocytes assessed as inhibition of hemolysis Antioxidant activity in erythrocytes assessed as inhibition of hemolysis	[PMID: 22677320]
H9	EC₅₀	10 μM Compound: 3	Antiviral activity against HIV1 3B infected in human H9 cells assessed as inhibition of viral replication after 3 days by p24 antigen capture assay Antiviral activity against HIV1 3B infected in human H9 cells assessed as inhibition of viral replication after 3 days by p24 antigen capture assay	[PMID: 8158164]
H9	IC₅₀	16 μM Compound: 3	Cytotoxicity against human H9 cells after 3 days Cytotoxicity against human H9 cells after 3 days	[PMID: 8158164]
H9c2	EC₅₀	5.53 μM Compound: 16	Cytoprotective activity against doxorubicin-induced cytotoxicity in rat H9c2 cells assessed as cell viability after 24 hrs by MTT assay Cytoprotective activity against doxorubicin-induced cytotoxicity in rat H9c2 cells assessed as cell viability after 24 hrs by MTT assay	[PMID: 20932762]
HCT-116	EC₅₀	26.7 μM Compound: Luteolin	Cytotoxicity against human HCT116 cells assessed as cell viability after 72 hrs by MTT assay Cytotoxicity against human HCT116 cells assessed as cell viability after 72 hrs by MTT assay	[PMID: 26529431]
HEK293	EC₅₀	2.3 μM Compound: 16	Agonist activity at mouse PPARgamma expressed in HEK293 cells co-expressing with Gal4 reporter vector after 24 hrs by dual-luciferase reporter assay Agonist activity at mouse PPARgamma expressed in HEK293 cells co-expressing with Gal4 reporter vector after 24 hrs by dual-luciferase reporter assay	[PMID: 24955889]
HEK293	IC₅₀	>10 μM Compound: 25	Inhibition of human TRPC5 expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as reduction in gadolinium-induced calcium entry after 30 mins by fluo-4 dye based fluorescence assay Inhibition of human TRPC5 expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as reduction in gadolinium-induced calcium entry after 30 mins by fluo-4 dye based fluorescence assay	[PMID: 30943030]
HEK293	IC₅₀	0.85 μM Compound: 7e	Inhibition of NOX4 expressed in HEK293 FS cells assessed as H2O2 production by H2O2/Tyr/LPO assay Inhibition of NOX4 expressed in HEK293 FS cells assessed as H2O2 production by H2O2/Tyr/LPO assay	[PMID: 20731357]
HeLa	IC₅₀	16.254 μM Compound: Luteolin	Cytotoxicity against human HeLa cells Cytotoxicity against human HeLa cells	[PMID: 31784199]
Hep 3B2	IC₅₀	8.03 μg/mL Compound: Luteolin	Cytotoxicity against human Hep3B cells by MTT assay Cytotoxicity against human Hep3B cells by MTT assay	[PMID: 21106454]
HepG2	IC₅₀	34.7 μM Compound: Luteolin	Antiproliferative activity against human HepG2 cells after 48 hrs by MTT assay Antiproliferative activity against human HepG2 cells after 48 hrs by MTT assay	[PMID: 26896708]
HepG2	IC₅₀	47.3 μM Compound: 16	Cytotoxicity against human HepG2 cells assessed as growth inhibition after 72 hrs by neutral red assay Cytotoxicity against human HepG2 cells assessed as growth inhibition after 72 hrs by neutral red assay	[PMID: 28318944]
HepG2	IC₅₀	7.36 μg/mL Compound: Luteolin	Cytotoxicity against human HepG2 cells by MTT assay Cytotoxicity against human HepG2 cells by MTT assay	[PMID: 21106454]
HepG2	IC₅₀	71.2 μM Compound: 31	Cytotoxicity against human HepG2 cells by MTT assay Cytotoxicity against human HepG2 cells by MTT assay	[PMID: 21726077]
HepG2	IC₅₀	80.8 μM Compound: 8	Anticancer activity against human HepG2 cells assessed as cell viability after 24 hrs by MTT assay Anticancer activity against human HepG2 cells assessed as cell viability after 24 hrs by MTT assay	[PMID: 24974349]
HL-60	IC₅₀	>10 μg/mL Compound: 9	Cytotoxicity against human HL60 cells after 3 days by MTT assay Cytotoxicity against human HL60 cells after 3 days by MTT assay	[PMID: 11421746]
HL-60	IC₅₀	>100 μM Compound: Luteolin	Cytotoxicity against human HL60 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability after 72 hrs by MTT assay Cytotoxicity against human HL60 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability after 72 hrs by MTT assay	[PMID: 27353532]
HL-60	IC₅₀	12.1 μg/mL Compound: 12	Antioxidant activity in human HL60 cells assessed as reduction of cytochrome-c release Antioxidant activity in human HL60 cells assessed as reduction of cytochrome-c release	[PMID: 10650074]
HT-29	EC₅₀	7.24 μM Compound: Luteolin	Agonist activity at GPR35 receptor in human HT-29 cells after 10 mins by dynamic mass redistribution assay Agonist activity at GPR35 receptor in human HT-29 cells after 10 mins by dynamic mass redistribution assay	[PMID: 24900447]
HT-29	IC₅₀	18.6 μM Compound: Luteolin	Desensitization of GPR35 receptor in human HT-29 cells assessed as inhibition of zaprinast-induced dynamic mass redistribution after 10 mins Desensitization of GPR35 receptor in human HT-29 cells assessed as inhibition of zaprinast-induced dynamic mass redistribution after 10 mins	[PMID: 24900447]
HT-29	IC₅₀	45 μM Compound: 40	Cytotoxicity against human HT-29 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability after 24 hrs by MTS assay Cytotoxicity against human HT-29 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability after 24 hrs by MTS assay	[PMID: 31324564]
Huh-7	CC₅₀	>50 μM Compound: 22	Cytotoxicity against human Huh7.5.1 cells by MTT assay Cytotoxicity against human Huh7.5.1 cells by MTT assay	[PMID: 22445328]
Huh-7	EC₅₀	4.7 μM Compound: 22	Antiviral activity against HCV JFH-1 J399EM infected in Human Huh7.5.1 cells assessed as suppression of viral replication after 72 hrs by EGFP assay Antiviral activity against HCV JFH-1 J399EM infected in Human Huh7.5.1 cells assessed as suppression of viral replication after 72 hrs by EGFP assay	[PMID: 22445328]
Huh-7	EC₅₀	6.6 μM Compound: 22	Antiviral activity against HCV genotype 2a J399LM in Human Huh7.5.1 replicon cells assessed as suppression of viral replication after 72 hrs by luciferase reporter gene assay Antiviral activity against HCV genotype 2a J399LM in Human Huh7.5.1 replicon cells assessed as suppression of viral replication after 72 hrs by luciferase reporter gene assay	[PMID: 22445328]
Jurkat	IC₅₀	1.3 μM Compound: Luteolin	Inhibition of chymotrypsin-like activity of human 26S proteasome in human Jurkat cells assessed as decrease in AMC hydrolysis using Z-Gly-Gly-Leu-AMC as substrate after 24 hrs by fluorescence based method Inhibition of chymotrypsin-like activity of human 26S proteasome in human Jurkat cells assessed as decrease in AMC hydrolysis using Z-Gly-Gly-Leu-AMC as substrate after 24 hrs by fluorescence based method	[PMID: 30776692]
Jurkat	IC₅₀	1.5 μM Compound: Luteolin	Inhibition of chymotrypsin-like activity of purified human 20S proteasome expressed in human Jurkat cells assessed as decrease in AMC hydrolysis using Suc-Leu-Leu-Val-Tyr-AMC as substrate incubated for 2 hrs by fluorescence based method Inhibition of chymotrypsin-like activity of purified human 20S proteasome expressed in human Jurkat cells assessed as decrease in AMC hydrolysis using Suc-Leu-Leu-Val-Tyr-AMC as substrate incubated for 2 hrs by fluorescence based method	[PMID: 30776692]
K562	IC₅₀	14.65 μM Compound: 2, luteolin	Growth inhibition of K562 cells by XTT assay after 5 days Growth inhibition of K562 cells by XTT assay after 5 days	[PMID: 17411092]
KB	IC₅₀	45.3 μM Compound: 16	Cytotoxicity against human KB cells assessed as growth inhibition after 72 hrs by neutral red assay Cytotoxicity against human KB cells assessed as growth inhibition after 72 hrs by neutral red assay	[PMID: 28318944]
KM-20L2	GI₅₀	>10 μg/mL Compound: 4	Cytotoxicity against human KM20L2 cells after 48 hrs by SRB assay Cytotoxicity against human KM20L2 cells after 48 hrs by SRB assay	[PMID: 12608861]
L02	IC₅₀	>100 μM Compound: Luteolin	Cytotoxicity against human LO2 cells after 48 hrs by MTT assay Cytotoxicity against human LO2 cells after 48 hrs by MTT assay	[PMID: 26896708]
L6	IC₅₀	21.4 μg/mL Compound: 21	Antitrypanosomal activity against trypomastigote forms of Trypanosoma cruzi Tulahuen C2C4 infected in rat L6 cells after 96 hrs by photometric method Antitrypanosomal activity against trypomastigote forms of Trypanosoma cruzi Tulahuen C2C4 infected in rat L6 cells after 96 hrs by photometric method	10.1039/C5MD00481K
L6	IC₅₀	9.4 μg/mL Compound: 21	Cytotoxicity against rat L6 cells after 72 hrs by alamar blue staining based fluorescence analysis Cytotoxicity against rat L6 cells after 72 hrs by alamar blue staining based fluorescence analysis	10.1039/C5MD00481K
L929	EC₅₀	>250 μM Compound: luteolin	Inhibition of recombinant human TNF-alpha-induced cytotoxicity of mouse L929 cells assessed as survivality preincubated for 15 mins before TNFalpha addition measured after 24 hrs by [methyl-3H]thymidine incorporation assay Inhibition of recombinant human TNF-alpha-induced cytotoxicity of mouse L929 cells assessed as survivality preincubated for 15 mins before TNFalpha addition measured after 24 hrs by [methyl-3H]thymidine incorporation assay	[PMID: 9287415]
L929	EC₅₀	>250 μM Compound: luteolin	Inhibition of recombinant human TNF-alpha-induced cytotoxicity of mouse L929 cells assessed as survivality preincubated for 15 mins before TNFalpha addition measured after 24 hrs by crystal violet staining Inhibition of recombinant human TNF-alpha-induced cytotoxicity of mouse L929 cells assessed as survivality preincubated for 15 mins before TNFalpha addition measured after 24 hrs by crystal violet staining	[PMID: 9287415]
LNCaP	IC₅₀	5 μM Compound: 2	Downregulation of prostate specific antigen secretion in human LNCAP cells Downregulation of prostate specific antigen secretion in human LNCAP cells	[PMID: 25019478]
Lu1	IC₅₀	40.8 μM Compound: 16	Cytotoxicity against human Lu1 cells assessed as growth inhibition after 72 hrs by neutral red assay Cytotoxicity against human Lu1 cells assessed as growth inhibition after 72 hrs by neutral red assay	[PMID: 28318944]
MCF7	GI₅₀	9.4 μg/mL Compound: 4	Cytotoxicity against human MCF7 cells after 48 hrs by SRB assay Cytotoxicity against human MCF7 cells after 48 hrs by SRB assay	[PMID: 12608861]
MCF7	IC₅₀	14.3 mg/mL Compound: 17	Cytotoxicity against human MCF7 cells after 3 days by SRB assay Cytotoxicity against human MCF7 cells after 3 days by SRB assay	[PMID: 15568778]
MCF7	IC₅₀	44.4 μM Compound: 16	Cytotoxicity against human MCF7 cells assessed as growth inhibition after 72 hrs by neutral red assay Cytotoxicity against human MCF7 cells assessed as growth inhibition after 72 hrs by neutral red assay	[PMID: 28318944]
MCF7	IC₅₀	5 μM Compound: Luteolin	Antiproliferative activity against human MCF7 cells assessed as inhibition of cell growth incubated for 6 days by SRB assay Antiproliferative activity against human MCF7 cells assessed as inhibition of cell growth incubated for 6 days by SRB assay	[PMID: 33257172]
MCF7	IC₅₀	9.5 μg/mL Compound: Luteolin	Cytotoxicity against human MCF7 cells by MTT assay Cytotoxicity against human MCF7 cells by MTT assay	[PMID: 21106454]
MDA-MB-231	IC₅₀	7.29 μM Compound: Luteolin	Antiproliferative activity against human MDA-MB-231 cells assessed as cell growth inhibition measured after 72 hrs by MTT assay Antiproliferative activity against human MDA-MB-231 cells assessed as cell growth inhibition measured after 72 hrs by MTT assay	[PMID: 34971873]
MDA-MB-231	IC₅₀	9.65 μg/mL Compound: Luteolin	Cytotoxicity against human MDA-MB-231 cells by MTT assay Cytotoxicity against human MDA-MB-231 cells by MTT assay	[PMID: 21106454]
MDCK	CC₅₀	12.44 μM Compound: 2	Cytotoxicity against MDCK cells by MTT assay Cytotoxicity against MDCK cells by MTT assay	[PMID: 18640042]
MDCK	CC₅₀	164.9 μM Compound: 2	Cytotoxicity against MDCK cells after 48 hrs by MTT assay Cytotoxicity against MDCK cells after 48 hrs by MTT assay	[PMID: 19729316]
MDCK	EC₅₀	103.1 μM Compound: 2	Antiviral activity against influenza A virus H9N2 A/Chicken/Korea/MS96/96 infected in MDCK cells assessed as reduction in virus-induced cytopathic effect Antiviral activity against influenza A virus H9N2 A/Chicken/Korea/MS96/96 infected in MDCK cells assessed as reduction in virus-induced cytopathic effect	[PMID: 19729316]
MDCK	EC₅₀	84 μM Compound: 2	Antiviral activity against influenza A virus H1N1 A/PR/8/34 infected in MDCK cells assessed as reduction in virus-induced cytopathic effect Antiviral activity against influenza A virus H1N1 A/PR/8/34 infected in MDCK cells assessed as reduction in virus-induced cytopathic effect	[PMID: 19729316]
MOLM-13	IC₅₀	4.5 μM Compound: 25	Cytotoxicity against human MOLM-13 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability after 72 hrs by MTT assay Cytotoxicity against human MOLM-13 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability after 72 hrs by MTT assay	[PMID: 33026809]
Monocyte	IC₅₀	1.5 μM Compound: luteolin	Inhibition of procoagulant activity in monocyte from human blood assessed as counteraction of IL1-induced tissue factor expression after 18 hrs Inhibition of procoagulant activity in monocyte from human blood assessed as counteraction of IL1-induced tissue factor expression after 18 hrs	[PMID: 8882428]
Monocyte	IC₅₀	1.5 × 10^-6M Compound: luteolin	Inhibition of procoagulant activity in monocyte from human blood assessed as counteraction of IL1-induced tissue factor expression after 18 hrs Inhibition of procoagulant activity in monocyte from human blood assessed as counteraction of IL1-induced tissue factor expression after 18 hrs	[PMID: 8882428]
Monocyte	IC₅₀	1.5 x 10^-6M Compound: luteolin	Inhibition of procoagulant activity in monocyte from human blood assessed as counteraction of IL1-induced tissue factor expression after 18 hrs Inhibition of procoagulant activity in monocyte from human blood assessed as counteraction of IL1-induced tissue factor expression after 18 hrs	[PMID: 8882428]
MV4-11	GI₅₀	1.76 μM Compound: 3	Cytotoxicity against human MV4-11 cells harboring FLT3 mutation after 72 hrs by tetrazolium based Ez CyTox cell viability assay Cytotoxicity against human MV4-11 cells harboring FLT3 mutation after 72 hrs by tetrazolium based Ez CyTox cell viability assay	[PMID: 23411073]
MV4-11	IC₅₀	3.1 μM Compound: 25	Cytotoxicity against human MV4-11 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability after 72 hrs by MTT assay Cytotoxicity against human MV4-11 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability after 72 hrs by MTT assay	[PMID: 33026809]
NCI-H460	GI₅₀	3.8 μg/mL Compound: 4	Cytotoxicity against human NCI-H460 cells after 48 hrs by SRB assay Cytotoxicity against human NCI-H460 cells after 48 hrs by SRB assay	[PMID: 12608861]
NCI-H460	IC₅₀	8.9 μM Compound: 11	Inhibition of ABCG2 expressed in human NCI-H460 cells assessed as inhibition of PhA accumulation after 2 to 20 hrs relative to fumitremorgin C Inhibition of ABCG2 expressed in human NCI-H460 cells assessed as inhibition of PhA accumulation after 2 to 20 hrs relative to fumitremorgin C	[PMID: 21275386]
Neutrophil	IC₅₀	0.9 μM Compound: 4e	Inhibition of oxidative burst in PMA-stimulated human neutrophils assessed as inhibition of HOCl-induced oxidation of APF after 6 mins by fluorescence assay Inhibition of oxidative burst in PMA-stimulated human neutrophils assessed as inhibition of HOCl-induced oxidation of APF after 6 mins by fluorescence assay	[PMID: 23871908]
Neutrophil	IC₅₀	1.7 μM Compound: 6	Inhibition of PMA-induced oxidative burst in human neutrophils by amplex red assay Inhibition of PMA-induced oxidative burst in human neutrophils by amplex red assay	[PMID: 25151578]
Neutrophil	IC₅₀	2.2 μM Compound: 6	Inhibition of PMA-induced oxidative burst in human neutrophils by APF assay Inhibition of PMA-induced oxidative burst in human neutrophils by APF assay	[PMID: 25151578]
Neutrophil	IC₅₀	4 μM Compound: 4e	Inhibition of oxidative burst in PMA-stimulated human neutrophils assessed as inhibition of H2O2-induced oxidation of amplex red incubated for 5 mins prior to PMA challenge by fluorescence assay Inhibition of oxidative burst in PMA-stimulated human neutrophils assessed as inhibition of H2O2-induced oxidation of amplex red incubated for 5 mins prior to PMA challenge by fluorescence assay	[PMID: 23871908]
Neutrophil	IC₅₀	5.2 μM Compound: 6	Inhibition of PMA-induced oxidative burst in human neutrophils by chemiluminescence assay Inhibition of PMA-induced oxidative burst in human neutrophils by chemiluminescence assay	[PMID: 25151578]
Neutrophil	IC₅₀	9.3 μM Compound: 4e	Inhibition of oxidative burst in PMA-stimulated human neutrophils assessed as inhibition of ROS-induced luminol oxidation incubated for 5 mins prior to PMA challenge by chemiluminescence assay Inhibition of oxidative burst in PMA-stimulated human neutrophils assessed as inhibition of ROS-induced luminol oxidation incubated for 5 mins prior to PMA challenge by chemiluminescence assay	[PMID: 23871908]
Neutrophil	IC₅₀	9.5 μM Compound: 4e	Inhibition of oxidative burst in PMA-stimulated human neutrophils assessed as inhibition of superoxide anion radical-induced lucigenin oxidation incubated for 5 mins prior to PMA challenge by chemiluminescence assay Inhibition of oxidative burst in PMA-stimulated human neutrophils assessed as inhibition of superoxide anion radical-induced lucigenin oxidation incubated for 5 mins prior to PMA challenge by chemiluminescence assay	[PMID: 23871908]
P388	GI₅₀	>10 μg/mL Compound: 4	Cytotoxicity against mouse P388 cells after 48 hrs by SRB assay Cytotoxicity against mouse P388 cells after 48 hrs by SRB assay	[PMID: 12608861]
Peritoneal macrophage	IC₅₀	20 μM Compound: kp17	Inhibition of LPS-stimulated nitric oxide production in ddy mouse peritoneal macrophages measured after 20 hrs by Greiss method Inhibition of LPS-stimulated nitric oxide production in ddy mouse peritoneal macrophages measured after 20 hrs by Greiss method	[PMID: 27955927]
Peritoneal macrophage cell	IC₅₀	77.7 μM Compound: luteolin	Cytotoxicity against mouse Peritoneal macrophages cells after 72 hrs by MTS assay Cytotoxicity against mouse Peritoneal macrophages cells after 72 hrs by MTS assay	[PMID: 22989363]
Platelet	IC₅₀	>50 μg/mL Compound: Luteolin	Antiaggregatory activity in human platelets assessed as inhibition of thrombin-induced platelet aggregation by aggregometry Antiaggregatory activity in human platelets assessed as inhibition of thrombin-induced platelet aggregation by aggregometry	[PMID: 21106454]
Platelet	IC₅₀	2.56 μg/mL Compound: Luteolin	Antiaggregatory activity in human platelets assessed as inhibition of collagen-induced platelet aggregation by aggregometry Antiaggregatory activity in human platelets assessed as inhibition of collagen-induced platelet aggregation by aggregometry	[PMID: 21106454]
Platelet	IC₅₀	43.5 μM Compound: 6	Inhibition of arachidonic acid-induced platelet aggregation in rabbit plasma preincubated 3 mins before addition of thrombin by turbidimetric method Inhibition of arachidonic acid-induced platelet aggregation in rabbit plasma preincubated 3 mins before addition of thrombin by turbidimetric method	[PMID: 9287421]
RAW264.7	IC₅₀	>40 μM Compound: Lut.	Cytotoxicity against mouse RAW264.7 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability measured after 24 hrs by MTT assay Cytotoxicity against mouse RAW264.7 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability measured after 24 hrs by MTT assay	[PMID: 32208222]
RAW264.7	IC₅₀	>50 μM Compound: Luteolin	Cytotoxicity against mouse RAW264.7 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability by MTT assay Cytotoxicity against mouse RAW264.7 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability by MTT assay	[PMID: 29655613]
RAW264.7	IC₅₀	0.21 μM Compound: 8	Inhibition of NO production in LPS-stimulated mouse RAW264.7 cells pre-incubated for 2 hrs before LPS stimulation for 24 hrs by Griess assay method Inhibition of NO production in LPS-stimulated mouse RAW264.7 cells pre-incubated for 2 hrs before LPS stimulation for 24 hrs by Griess assay method	[PMID: 25176187]
RAW264.7	IC₅₀	1.2 μM Compound: 18; 39	Anti-inflammatory activity in LPS-stimulated mouse RAW264.7 cells assessed as reduction in NO production incubated for 24 hrs by Griess reagent based assay Anti-inflammatory activity in LPS-stimulated mouse RAW264.7 cells assessed as reduction in NO production incubated for 24 hrs by Griess reagent based assay	[PMID: 37683361]
RAW264.7	IC₅₀	10.4 μM Compound: Luteolin	Antiinflammatory activity in LPS-stimulated mouse RAW264.7 cells assessed as inhibition of nitric oxide production after 24 hrs by Griess reagent Antiinflammatory activity in LPS-stimulated mouse RAW264.7 cells assessed as inhibition of nitric oxide production after 24 hrs by Griess reagent	[PMID: 20363145]
RAW264.7	IC₅₀	14.4 μM Compound: Luteolin	Antiinflammatory activity in mouse RAW264.7 cells assessed as inhibition of LPS-induced nitric oxide production after 24 hrs by Griess method Antiinflammatory activity in mouse RAW264.7 cells assessed as inhibition of LPS-induced nitric oxide production after 24 hrs by Griess method	[PMID: 29655613]
RAW264.7	IC₅₀	18.95 μM Compound: Luteolin	Cytotoxicity against mouse RAW264.7 cells by MTT assay Cytotoxicity against mouse RAW264.7 cells by MTT assay	[PMID: 28408221]
RAW264.7	IC₅₀	2.87 μM Compound: Luteolin	Antiinflammatory activity in mouse RAW264.7 cells assessed as inhibition of LPS-stimulated PGE2 production by ELISA Antiinflammatory activity in mouse RAW264.7 cells assessed as inhibition of LPS-stimulated PGE2 production by ELISA	[PMID: 28408221]
RAW264.7	IC₅₀	43.2 μM Compound: luteolin	Cytotoxicity against mouse RAW264.7 cells after 72 hrs by MTS assay Cytotoxicity against mouse RAW264.7 cells after 72 hrs by MTS assay	[PMID: 22989363]
RAW264.7	IC₅₀	5.06 μM Compound: Luteolin	Antiinflammatory activity in mouse RAW264.7 cells assessed as inhibition of LPS-stimulated NO production by ELISA Antiinflammatory activity in mouse RAW264.7 cells assessed as inhibition of LPS-stimulated NO production by ELISA	[PMID: 28408221]
RAW264.7	IC₅₀	5.6 μM Compound: Luteolin	Anti-inflammatory activity in mouse RAW264.7 cells assessed as reduction in LPS-induced NO production preincubated for 30 mins followed by LPS stimulation measured after 24 hrs by Griess assay Anti-inflammatory activity in mouse RAW264.7 cells assessed as reduction in LPS-induced NO production preincubated for 30 mins followed by LPS stimulation measured after 24 hrs by Griess assay	[PMID: 28960981]
RAW264.7	IC₅₀	5.8 μM Compound: Luteolin	Anti-inflammatory activity in mouse RAW264.7 cells assessed as inhibition of LPS-induced nitric oxide production preincubated for 2 hrs followed by LPS stimulation and measured after 24 hrs by by Griess assay Anti-inflammatory activity in mouse RAW264.7 cells assessed as inhibition of LPS-induced nitric oxide production preincubated for 2 hrs followed by LPS stimulation and measured after 24 hrs by by Griess assay	[PMID: 31419126]
RAW264.7	IC₅₀	7.2 μM Compound: 12	Anti-inflammatory activity in mouse RAW264.7 cells assessed as inhibition of LPS-induced nitric oxide production by Griess reaction based method Anti-inflammatory activity in mouse RAW264.7 cells assessed as inhibition of LPS-induced nitric oxide production by Griess reaction based method	[PMID: 25637363]
RAW264.7	IC₅₀	7.39 μM Compound: 16	Inhibition of LPS-induced nitric oxide production in mouse RAW264.7 cells assessed as nitrite formation Inhibition of LPS-induced nitric oxide production in mouse RAW264.7 cells assessed as nitrite formation	[PMID: 18348534]
RAW264.7	IC₅₀	7.5 μM Compound: 6	Antiinflammatory activity against mouse RAW264.7 cells assessed as inhibition of LPS-induced nitrite accumulation after 24 hrs by Griess reagent method Antiinflammatory activity against mouse RAW264.7 cells assessed as inhibition of LPS-induced nitrite accumulation after 24 hrs by Griess reagent method	[PMID: 19778086]
RAW264.7	IC₅₀	8.1 μM Compound: 13	Antiinflammatory activity against LPS-stimulated mouse RAW264.7 cells assessed as decrease in PGE2 production preincubated for 1 hr followed by LPS stimulation and measured after 24 hrs by ELISA Antiinflammatory activity against LPS-stimulated mouse RAW264.7 cells assessed as decrease in PGE2 production preincubated for 1 hr followed by LPS stimulation and measured after 24 hrs by ELISA	[PMID: 31747281]
RAW264.7	IC₅₀	9.2 μM Compound: Lut.	Inhibition of LPS-induced nitric oxide production in mouse RAW264.7 cells measured after 24 hrs by Griess reagent based assay Inhibition of LPS-induced nitric oxide production in mouse RAW264.7 cells measured after 24 hrs by Griess reagent based assay	[PMID: 32208222]
RBL-2H3	IC₅₀	3.7 μM Compound: Luteolin	Inhibitory activity against IL-4 production in RBL-2H3 cells was determined Inhibitory activity against IL-4 production in RBL-2H3 cells was determined	[PMID: 12951092]
RBL-2H3	IC₅₀	5.8 μM Compound: Luteolin	Inhibitory activity against TNF-alpha production in RBL-2H3 cells was determined Inhibitory activity against TNF-alpha production in RBL-2H3 cells was determined	[PMID: 12951092]
RBL-2H3	IC₅₀	58.2 μM Compound: 6	Antihistaminic activity in rat RBL2H3 cells assessed as inhibition of DNP-BSA-induced beta-hexosaminidase release preincubated for 10 mins before DNP-BSA challenge Antihistaminic activity in rat RBL2H3 cells assessed as inhibition of DNP-BSA-induced beta-hexosaminidase release preincubated for 10 mins before DNP-BSA challenge	[PMID: 14510616]
RBL-2H3	IC₅₀	82 μM Compound: Luteolin	Inhibition of rat RBL2H3 cell degranulation assessed as inhibition of beta-hexosamidase release after 10 mins by microplate reader assay Inhibition of rat RBL2H3 cell degranulation assessed as inhibition of beta-hexosamidase release after 10 mins by microplate reader assay	[PMID: 12398545]
RS4-11	GI₅₀	7.25 μM Compound: 3	Cytotoxicity against human RS4:11 cells harboring wild type FLT3 after 72 hrs by tetrazolium based Ez CyTox cell viability assay Cytotoxicity against human RS4:11 cells harboring wild type FLT3 after 72 hrs by tetrazolium based Ez CyTox cell viability assay	[PMID: 23411073]
SF-268	GI₅₀	9 μg/mL Compound: 4	Cytotoxicity against human SF268 cells after 48 hrs by SRB assay Cytotoxicity against human SF268 cells after 48 hrs by SRB assay	[PMID: 12608861]
SW1573	IC₅₀	>10 μg/mL Compound: 9	Cytotoxicity against human SW1573 cells after 3 days by MTT assay Cytotoxicity against human SW1573 cells after 3 days by MTT assay	[PMID: 11421746]
THP-1	IC₅₀	70 μM Compound: Luteolin	Cytotoxicity against human THP1 cells after 24 hrs by MTS assay Cytotoxicity against human THP1 cells after 24 hrs by MTS assay	[PMID: 19879672]
THP-1	IC₅₀	70 μM/L Compound: Luteolin	Cytotoxicity against human THP1 cells after 24 hrs by MTS assay Cytotoxicity against human THP1 cells after 24 hrs by MTS assay	[PMID: 19879672]
U2OS	EC₅₀	3.2 μM Compound: Luteolin	Agonist activity at GPR35 receptor in human U2OS cells coexpressing Gal4-VP16-TEV assessed as beta arrestin translocation after 5 hrs by beta lactamase reporter gene assay Agonist activity at GPR35 receptor in human U2OS cells coexpressing Gal4-VP16-TEV assessed as beta arrestin translocation after 5 hrs by beta lactamase reporter gene assay	[PMID: 24900447]
U-937	IC₅₀	20 μM Compound: 29, luteolin	Antiproliferative activity against human U937 cells after 72 hrs by WST-8 assay Antiproliferative activity against human U937 cells after 72 hrs by WST-8 assay	[PMID: 17158054]
U-937	IC₅₀	28 μM Compound: 29, luteolin	Antiproliferative activity against human U937 cells after 48 hrs by WST-8 assay Antiproliferative activity against human U937 cells after 48 hrs by WST-8 assay	[PMID: 17158054]
U-937	IC₅₀	36 μM Compound: 29, luteolin	Antiproliferative activity against human U937 cells after 24 hrs by WST-8 assay Antiproliferative activity against human U937 cells after 24 hrs by WST-8 assay	[PMID: 17158054]
Vero	CC₅₀	0.155 mM Compound: 13	Cytotoxicity against african green monkey Vero cells incubated for 3 days Cytotoxicity against african green monkey Vero cells incubated for 3 days	[PMID: 32539378]
Vero	CC₅₀	22.9 μg/mL Compound: luteolin	Cytotoxicity against african green monkey Vero cells Cytotoxicity against african green monkey Vero cells	[PMID: 1338212]
Vero C1008	CC₅₀	0.155 μM Compound: 40	Cytotoxicity against African green monkey Vero E6 cells by MTT assay Cytotoxicity against African green monkey Vero E6 cells by MTT assay	[PMID: 33486200]
Vero C1008	EC₅₀	10.6 μM Compound: 40	Antiviral activity against wild type SARS-CoV BJ01 infected in Vero E6 cells assessed as reduction in viral replication incubated for 64 hrs by MTT dye based ELISA assay Antiviral activity against wild type SARS-CoV BJ01 infected in Vero E6 cells assessed as reduction in viral replication incubated for 64 hrs by MTT dye based ELISA assay	[PMID: 33486200]

In Vitro

Luteolin (0-160 μM; 24 hours; NCI-H460 cells) treatment inhibits the viability of NCI-H460 cells in a concentration-dependent manner^[1].
Luteolin (20-80 μM; 24 hours; NCI-H460 cells) treatment causes an accumulation of cells in the S phase^[1].
Luteolin (320-580 μM; 48 hours; NCI-H460 cells) treatment induces apoptosis^[1].
Luteolin (20-80 μM; 24 hours; NCI-H460 cells) treatment increases the protein expression levels of apoptotic regulatory proteins, including the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio, in a concentration-dependent manner, however, only 80 μM Luteolin inhibits the expression of Bad. Luteolin also decreases the expression of Sirt1 in the NCI-H460 cell line in a concentration-dependent manner^[1].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Cell Viability Assay^[1]

Cell Line:	NCI-H460 cells
Concentration:	0 µM, 20 µM, 40 µM, 80 µM and 160 µM
Incubation Time:	24 hours
Result:	Inhibited the viability of NCI-H460 cells in a concentration-dependent manner.

Cell Cycle Analysis^[1]

Cell Line:	NCI-H460 cells
Concentration:	20 µM, 40 µM, 80 µM
Incubation Time:	24 hours
Result:	Induced cell cycle arrest in the S phase.

Apoptosis Analysis^[1]

Cell Line:	NCI-H460 cells
Concentration:	320 µM, 440 µM, 580 µM
Incubation Time:	48 hours
Result:	Apoptotic fraction was markedly increased.

Western Blot Analysis^[1]

Cell Line:	NCI-H460 cells
Concentration:	20 µM, 40 µM, 80 µM
Incubation Time:	24 hours
Result:	Increased the protein expression levels of apoptotic regulatory proteins and decreased the expression of Sirt1 in the NCI-H460 cell line in a concentration-dependent manner.

In Vivo

Luteolin (10-100 mg/kg; oral gavage; daily; for 12 weeks; adult male Wistar rats) has an antioxidant effect and can also protect against non-alcoholic steatohepatitis through targeting the pro-inflammatory IL-1 and Il-18 pathways in rats with a high carbohydrate/high fat diet^[2].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Animal Model:	Adult male Wistar rats (200-220 g)^[2]
Dosage:	10 mg/kg, 25 mg/kg, 50 mg/kg or 100 mg/kg
Administration:	Oral gavage; daily; for 12 weeks
Result:	Significantly reduced ALT and AST activity and reduced levels of bilirubin, hyaluronic acid and malondialdehyde. Shows an antioxidant activity such as a significant increase in reduced glutathione. IFN-γ, TNF-α, IL-1α and IL-18 levels decreased significantly.

Molecular Weight

286.24

Formula

C₁₅H₁₀O₆

CAS No.

491-70-3

Appearance

Solid

Color

Light yellow to yellow

SMILES

O=C1C=C(C2=CC=C(O)C(O)=C2)OC3=CC(O)=CC(O)=C13

Structure Classification

Initial Source

Microorganisms

Shipping

Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.

Storage

Powder	-20°C	3 years
	4°C	2 years
In solvent	-80°C	6 months
	-20°C	1 month

Solvent & Solubility

In Vitro:

DMSO : ≥ 100 mg/mL (349.36 mM; Hygroscopic DMSO has a significant impact on the solubility of product, please use newly opened DMSO)

*"≥" means soluble, but saturation unknown.

Preparing
Stock Solutions

Concentration Solvent Mass	1 mg	5 mg	10 mg

1 mM	3.4936 mL	17.4679 mL	34.9357 mL
5 mM	0.6987 mL	3.4936 mL	6.9871 mL
10 mM	0.3494 mL	1.7468 mL	3.4936 mL

View the Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

* Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.

Select the appropriate dissolution method based on your experimental animal and administration route.

For the following dissolution methods, please ensure to first prepare a clear stock solution using an In Vitro approach and then sequentially add co-solvents:
To ensure reliable experimental results, the clarified stock solution can be appropriately stored based on storage conditions. As for the working solution for in vivo experiments, it is recommended to prepare freshly and use it on the same day.
The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.

Protocol 1

Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline)
Solubility: ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (7.27 mM); Clear solution

This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (saturation unknown).
Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (20.8 mg/mL) to 900 μL 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline, and mix evenly.
Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C, storage for one week): 2 g SBE-β-CD powder is dissolved in 10 mL Saline, completely dissolve until clear.

For the following dissolution methods, please prepare the working solution directly. It is recommended to prepare fresh solutions and use them promptly within a short period of time.
The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.

Protocol 1

Add each solvent one by one: 50% PEG300 50% Saline
Solubility: 20 mg/mL (69.87 mM); Clear solution; Need ultrasonic
Protocol 2

Add each solvent one by one: 0.5% CMC-Na/saline water
Solubility: 5 mg/mL (17.47 mM); Suspended solution; Need ultrasonic

Purity & Documentation

Purity: 99.51%

Data Sheet (280 KB) SDS (396 KB)

COA (248 KB) LCMS (93 KB)

Handling Instructions (2659 KB)

References

[1]. Ma L, et al. Luteolin exerts an anticancer effect on NCI-H460 human non-small cell lung cancer cells through the induction of Sirt1-mediated apoptosis. Mol Med Rep. 2015 Sep;12(3):4196-4202. [Content Brief]

[2]. Abu-Elsaad N, et al. Protection against nonalcoholic steatohepatitis through targeting IL-18 and IL-1alpha by luteolin. Pharmacol Rep. 2019 Aug;71(4):688-694. [Content Brief]

[3]. Xiuwen Tang, et al. Luteolin inhibits Nrf2 leading to negative regulation of the Nrf2/ARE pathway and sensitization of human lung carcinoma A549 cells to therapeutic drugs. Free Radic Biol Med. 2011 Jun 1;50(11):1599-609. [Content Brief]

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