Bladder - Human RNA
The bladder is the center of the urinary system. It is a hollow muscular organ serving as a natural reservoir where urine is stored between each micturition. The bladder receives the urine excreted by the kidneys through two ureters and then the urine is released through the urethra. It is composed of two parts: the upper part called the bladder dome or bladder trigone and the lower part called the bladder neck. The bladder neck allows to retain urine thanks to a circular muscle surrounding the urethra, the urethral sphincter. The walls of the bladder are made up of a smooth muscle, the detrusor. It is covered on its inner side by a transitional (stratified) epithelium, the urothelium. The stretching of the bladder wall, due to the filling of the bladder, causes nerve impulses that signal the need to urinate. The opening of the sphincters and the contraction of the detrusor allow urination. After urination, the sphincters close again. Micturition is controlled by parasympathetic and sympathetic nerve fibers from the sacral nerve roots S2 to S4.
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